WHAT IS NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

The diseases that are not transmitted from one person to another through any media are called a non communicable diseases . The diseases like cancer ,diabetes,asthma,heart diseases,etc are the examples of non communicable diseases.It is believed that non communicable diseases are mostly the result of physiological disturbances, genetics, lifestyle ,negligence and nutritional disorders.The consequence of such diseases vary .In some of the diseases weakness and disabilities in organs are observed. Besides that some non communicable may develop due to nutritional disturbances called malnutrition (i.e.anaemia.goitre.marasmus,etc) diseases.However,everyone is susceptable to non communicable diseases.Thus, in absence of any type of vaccine or immunization it is more hazardous in comparison to communicable diseases.

CAUSES OR FACTORS OF NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
There are various causes or factors which may develop non communicable diseases. These recognized factors can be classified under two groups.They are:

A)Modifiable risk factors
The causes and conditions which are in control of individual and may help to prevent the onset of diseases are called modifiable risk factors.Modifiable risk factors can be controlled and changed .These factors are:
i.Inactive life:The individual who ignores regular physical activities and lives an inactive life is mostly found to be suffering from various non communicable diseases.Inactive life leads to obesity causes high blood pressure which may result in heart attack,diabetes, etc.The diseases like cancer,diabetes, etc are believed to be the result of inactive life. Therefore, the participation in regular physical exercises is necessary for individuals.Besides this, the other modifiable factors are
ii.intake of tobacco and tobacco products.
iii.use of alcohol
iv.lack of regular exercise
v.high blood pressure
vi.increase of glucose and cholesterol level in blood
vii.mental tension and anxiety
ix.fatigue and over work load
x.lack of proper rest and sleep
xi.lack of balance diet
xii.life style, etc

B) Non modify risk factors
These causes of diseases which are not in control of individual are called non modifiable risk factors.These factors are as follows:

EXCERTA AND URINE

If the sick people excrete in the open field, bacteria and eggs of worms spread all around the excerta and urine.They can get mixed with water and food through different routes and make other people sick.If the children play in the polluted areas, the germs and eggs of worms can get into their fingers and nails.If children eat food food without washing hands ,the germs and the eggs of worms will be swallowed along with the food.the germs grow and multiply inside the body and people sick.The germs can easily get into the food and water if the people don't have habit of exereting in a latrine and they excrete in the areas near the house or water sources . Housefly and some other insects can also carry the germs and eggs of worms from excreta and urine of sick people to the food and water of healthy people.Thus the healthy people also get sick.

The diseases such as diarrhoea,dysentery,cholera,typhoid,roundworm,thread worm,hookworm,tapeworm etc are transmitted to the people due to improper management of human wastes.

LATRINE

Latrine is the safe and proper place for defection and urination. Most of the communicable diseases Can be avoided if all people have the habit of excerting in the toilet. But there are no latrines in most of the villages of Nepal. The people of the villages and some people of even the town have a habit of excreting in the open field .This pollutes the environment badly and transmits different communicable diseases.

The latrine should be kept clean .It should be flushed with water after its every use.You should always wear slippers or shoes while going to latrine .

The addition of din in the environment is called noise pollution.The noise coming out from the crowd of people, running of vehicles, use of loudspeakers,factories,aeroplane etc causes the noise pollution.

The noisy environment is an unhealthy environment because it harms the healthy of people. The noise pollution can cause deafness in the people at the early age .It also affects our nervous system .It disturbs mental concentration rest and sleep.

Prevention of noise pollution

The noise pollution can be minimized in the following ways:

a.The dwelling house should be made away from from busy roads.

b.The old and noisy vehicles should be prohibited to run in the densely populated areas.

c.No horn zones should be set up near the hospitals,schools and other important offices.

d.People working in the noisy places should use earplug to avoid the damage of ear .

e.The use of loudspeakers should be prohibited near the dense settlement areas.

f.The radio, television, cassette players etc. should be played at low voice in the homes so that

these means do not disturb the other people .

g.Green belts should be established where there is high level of noise.

In addition to the above mentioned factors, there are several other factors which are responsible for the bad health of people .Hence,the knowledge of health and sanitation in the people is the must far the good health of people as wall as the environment.

WHAT IS SOLID WASTE AND HOW IT CAN BE MANAGED

The waste like waste food ,useless paper,polythene bags ,useless parts of vegetables and fruits ,bottles,broken utensils ,rubbish etc are called solid wastes. These wastes are produced in different places such as houses ,shops ,hospitals,hotels and schools.

The solid wastes are of two types decomposable wastes and non decomposable wastes. The waste produced from plan ts ,animals and foodstuffs get decomposed after sometime and turn into organic matter. These wastes are called decomposable or organic wastes,But the wastes like metal pieces,plastics,glass,rags and other fabrics do not get decomposed and exist for long time .Such wastes are called non decomposable.

If the solid wastes are not managed properly ,the affect us in the following ways:
a.The home area becomes dirty ,filthy and uncivilized
b.The wastes can pollute the water resources,which can transmit several water borne
diseases to the people
c.The of organic wastes produces bad intolerable smell which makes people sick
d.The unmanaged heaps of wastes attract rats,flies,mosquitoes,bacteria and other germs which can cause dangerous diseases.
e.The wind and rain carry back the thrown wastes to our home and make dirty .The wastes can
stick to the soles of our shoes and enter our home as well.

Different problems arise due to the unmanaged waste, which can seriously damage our health.So,the solid wastes should be managed properly.The solid wastes can be managed in the following way.

a.CREATING LESS WASTES
You can lesson the production of wastes in several ways.For example,don't use things that have short term use .Carry your own bag or put while going for shopping .Separate the reusable wastes from the other wastes and recycle them if possible.You can sell the reusable wastes to the kawadi for recycling.(A Kawadi is a person who buys the reusable materials from the people at low cost and sells them to the recycle industry at more price) The wastes like papers,plastics,metal pieces,broken metal utensils, glass bottles etc can be sold to the kawadi.This practice helps to lessen the amount of solid wasted significantly.

b.RECYCLE OF SOLID WASTES
You can recycle some of the wastes yourself at your home .For example , you can reuse polythene bags , if they are kept safe and clean.You can convert written paper and news papers into paper bags which can be used to carry articles from shops and groceries.The newspaper and written papers can also be converted into files and cartons.
Big bottles,tin cans and glasses can be used to keep oil,spices,pulses,pickles etc. Similarly, the rags can be used to make the pillow,dolls and mattresses.Hence,if we recycle the wastes,we can get maximum benefit from them and reduce the amount of wastes.

c.CONVERSION OF SOLID INTO MANURE
The decomposable wastes like peels of vegetables,skin of fruits,waste rice,curry and other food items leaves of plants can be converted into compost manure.The compost manure is produced in a compost pit made by digging the earth.The conversion of solid wastes into manure is beneficial to us in two ways firstly ,it gives out an excellent manure and secondly ,it reduces the amount of wastes produced in the home.

d.INCINERATION
The process of managing the solid wastes by burning them is called incineration. The dry and combustible wastes like paper,plastics,wrapper,rags,cartons ,plastic bottles etc are can be incinerated.Them germs present in the wastes are also killed by the method.This method is applicable to manage the wastes produced in houses as well as hospital.
The disadvantage of this method is that it produces lot of smoke.

WHAT IS THE STSTUS OF DRINKING WATER IN NEPAL

The amount of drinking water is decreasing day by day in Nepal due to high population growth .The over population has resulted in deforestation,urbanization , migration to the cities and industrialization. These process involve the over exploitation of natural resources and cause their scarcity.The limited amount of water is available in the sources near the city areas of Nepal is unable to fulfill the demand of the large number of people of the cities .The capital city of Nepal (Kathmandu is suffering from intense shortage of water)

If the drinking water is used for other purposes, the scarcity of drinking water increases.Therefore ,drinking water must be used for drinking purpose only. It should not be used unnecessarily for having bath,washing clothes,cleaning utensils , irrigating garden, construction works etc. Similarly, the drinking water should not be used for industrial purposes such as brick factories ,carpet washing etc. The scarcity of drinking water can be solved to some extent if all people become sensible about the proper use of drinking water

HOW TO MAKE WATER DRINKABLE

Water can be made free from germs and drinkable by several means . Some of them are described below:

1.BOILING

Boiling is the easiest,simplest and the best way to make water drinkable .Water should be boiled for about 10-15 minutes to kill all germs. But boiling does not mean to put fire immediately after it starts boiling .It should be boiled properly .Even bacteria water to lukewarm and drinking can be dangerous to health because some bacteria multiply and grow at faster rate at slightly higher temperature .
The boiled water should be cooled and kept in a clean pot.We should use clean glass or jar while drinking such water.

2.FILTERING
Water can be made drinkable by using water filter.The water filter can be of two types -commercial filter and sand filter.

a. COMMERCIAL FILTER
The commercial filter consists of two containers made of steel or copper .One or two filter candles are fixed to the upper container whereas a tap is connected to the lower container .When water is kept in the upper container , it gets filtered slowly through the filter candles and the filtered clean water is collected in the lower container. Tiny sand particles , mud and germs cannot pass through the candles and remain in the upper container . So , only the clean water drops down in the lower container .You can get clean and safe drinking water by opening the tap of filter.

b.SAND AND GRAVEL FILTER
This system consist of four container.An empty container with a tap fixed to it is place at the bottom.A second container with small holes at bottom is half filled with pebbles or gravel and is placed on the top of the first container. The third container half filled with sand is placed on the top of the second one .The third container also consists of holes on the bottom .The fourth container is placed on the top of third one . The water to be filtered is place in this container .When water flows down the holes of fourth container,it gets filtered by the layers of sand and gravel and is collected in the first container.
This type of filter system removes the suspended impurities like mud, sand particles , eggs of insects , dust particles etc. It cannot remove germs from the water .So, water filtered through this system should be boiled before drinking.

c.CHLORINATION

The process of making water drinkable by mixing small amount of chlorine solution with the drinking water is called chlorination. The chlorine solution can be purchased from the market which is available in different brand names. In this method fixed amount (drops or contain milliliter) of chlorine is mixed with certain litres for half an hour .The germs present in the water are killed by chlorine and then the water becomes fit for drinking.

water

water

Water is indispensable for the survival of all living beings . All living beings contain water as an important fragment of the total body weight .If the body of living beings does not get water , the cells start dying due to dehydration . This leads to the death of the organism.

we use water for various purposes such as cooking , drinking , washing , bathing ,cleaning irrigation , generating electricity etc. We need water to run industries and factories as well . Water is essential in most of our agricultural activities .Therefore , water is very useful to us .

The water from all the sources may not be safe for our household use .Even the natural sources of water may contain living and non living impurities . Bacteria , algae , round worm , water fleas , tiny insects , eggs of mosquito etc are the living impurities while dust , soil , dissolved salts ,metal ions etc are the non living impurities present in water . Water is mainly made impure by the human activities . Throwing human and animal excreta and other waste materials in the water sources pollution the water. The dirtiness of water due to addition of unwanted and harmful materials into it is known as water pollution.

CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION

Water can be polluted in the following ways :

1.Mixing of sewage and garbage into the source of water

2.Decay of dead plant parts and dead animals in the source of water

3.Using pesticides and chemical fertilizers in the fields .These chemicals are washed away by moving water and are mixed with low lying water sources.

4.Washing clothes , cleaning utensils and having bath at the sources of water.

5.Letting domestic animals drink water and have bath at the sources of water.

6.Mixing of industrial effluents and other wastes with sources of water.

MODE OF TRASMISSION OF WATER BORNE DISEASES

The germs are released in water through excerta and urine of the sick people .Decay of dead bodies ,washing ,bathing etc can also introduce germs into the water.If such polluted water is drunk by the healthy people the germs reach their body and multiply in numbers .When a large number of germs attack the body of people ,they fall sick.

Generally , the water from river , lake , pond , well etc is not free from pollution. Even if it looks clean , it may contain some dissolved impurities and invisible bacteria , virus etc. If such water is drunk directly ,it makes people sick.

AIR

All plants, animals and human beings cannot survive without air.The air carries oxygen, which is very essential for our cells to produce energy.Oxygen of the air is taken in by our lungs which is then sent to the cells through blood.Only the clean and fresh air can supply us required amount of quality of oxygen.

The addition of smoke,dust,bad smell and poisonous gases in the air makes it dirty and unfit for breathing. The dirty air carries the agents of several diseases and its harmful to us.The decrease in the natural quality and amount of due to the addition of smoke,dust and poisonous gases in it is known as air pollution.

CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION
The smoke and gases that come out from industries,factories,vehicles,trains etc. are the main causes of air pollution.The running of vehicles on the road blows up dust into the air and causes air pollution.The burning of firewood produces a lot of smoke,which is the main causes of air pollution in village areas. Similarly,the explosion of nuclear weapons,nuclear testing by developed countries and use of anticides in agriculture also pollute the air.

EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION
The air pollution causes the diseases of respiratory system, circulatory system and the eyes.In addition to this,the polluted air carries bacteria,virus and fungi, which cause several air borne diseases.The major air borne diseases are tuberculosis,polio,diphtheria,common cold, acute respiratory tract infection etc.

HOW ARE DISEASES TRANSMITTED POLLUTED AIR?
The germs of diseases are transmitted to the healthy people from the sick people through different means . Air is one of them when the sick people cough or sneeze,they release the germs of diseases along with tiny droplets of saliva .If the healthy people breathe in such air,the germs enter their body and make them sick.

The germs can also be released in the air by animals ,birds ,rodents , insects ,etc.

PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION
The pollution of air can be prevented in the following way:

1.The running of old vehicles should be strictly prohibited because the old vehicles produces a lot of harmful gases and smoke .
2.The smoke coming out of the the factories and industries should be turned into harmless from before they are released into the air.

3.People must defecate or urinate in the toilet only.Defective or urination at the open places releases germs into the atmosphere .

4.The use of improved oven the village areas is the best way to minimize smoke production .

5.The use of bio gas , solar energy and electricity as the source of energy instead of petroleum and coal is helpful to prevent air pollution.

6.The roads of the cities should be kept clean so that the running of vehicles on the road doe snot blow up dust.

HOW CAN YOU BECOME SAFE FROM AIR BORNE DISEASES ?

we can be safe from the air borne diseases in the following ways:

1.we should not live in the narrow and congested room which can harbour the germs of tuberculosis , measles , common cold , etc

2.we should live in wide open and well ventilated room

3.we should not stay near the smokers

4.we should not stay the sick people . we must use mask if we have to talk to them.

5.we should never use the articles used by sick people

6.we should use a good mask while walking or riding motorcycle on the road.

WHAT ARE THE THINGS WE SHOULD MANAGE TO KEEP OUR ENVIRONMENT HEALTHY

Environment includes all living and non-living things including the interaction among them,situations and changes.Our environment is said to be healthy if it does not contain unwanted harmful substances and is rich in natural resources.The original quantity and the quantity of natural resources like air, water ,soil,forest food ,minerals oils etc makes our environment healthy.The environment must be healthy for our good health because the environment fulfils our all needs.We get food,air, water,shelter,entertainment etc .from the environment .Besides these, we get everything from the environment .It means that the human life is inseparable part of the environment.Fresh,healthy and proper environment imparts positive effects in our health so it leads to active and long life .But the polluted or unhealthy environment imparts negative effects on our health so it leads to infirmity or attack of diseases.

The rapid growth of population has resulted in the unwise and random use of natural resources.The non-renewable sources of energy are being used up and the forest is declining due to over population.The distribution of forest has resulted in landslides, floods ,soil erosion, drought etc.Urbanization and industrialization have been causing air, water, land and sound pollution .It means that human beings are spoiling the health of environment ,which ultimately leads to the poor health of human beings themselves.We should manage the following things properly to keep our environment healthy.
1.AIR
2.WATER
3.SOLID WASTES
4.EXCRETA AND URINE
5.NOISE

HOW TO BE HEALTHY

There is a very wise saying "prevention is better than cure." Therefore we must know the basic principal of good health.There are many factors on which good health depends.Below are given some important factors:

1.NUTRITIOUS FOOD

Food is a fuel for our body.No vehicles can work without a fuel.On the same way,our body cannot function unless we have food.Health is determine by the quality of food .Food for good health must contain vitamin,protein,mineral,fat and carbohydrate.Food must be taken regularly at fixed time keeping the age of the person in mind.

2.CLEAN DRINKING WATER

Most diseases in our country are caused by water because it is polluted.Therefore,water for cooking and drinking must be clean and free from pollution.Unless we pure and clean water for drinking and cooking,we cannot say healthy .We will be victim of several diseases.

3.CLEANLINESS

Cleanliness is absolutely necessary for good health.Cleanliness consists in keeping the body ,clothes,bed,food items,utensils,house and surrounding clean.Regular bath with clean water,washing clothes,sweeping every nook and corner of the house ,keeping things tidy and keeping everything clean are some cleanliness rules.Water materials should be disposed of at a proper place .People randomly throw waste materials around their house or on the road .It is a very bad habit .They should be buried under ground or burned.

4.PHYSICAL EXERCISE

Physical exercise helps people to remain healthy .Not all people require physical exercise .Those who work in factories ,fields,pull rickshaw,construct roads,bridges,house,etc.need not take physical exercise .But those who do sitting work in school,campuses,offices,etc must take physical exercise.Types of exercise depend on the age of people.Students can play various outdoor games .For the old people,walking is the best exercise.

5.MEDICAL CARE

In spite of all care ,we sometime fall ill due to contaminated food ,climatic change or outbreak of epidemic.If it so happens,we should go to hospital or health post whichever available.It is wise to get our health checked up from time to time.

6.REFRAINING FROM TOBACCO AND INTOXICATION

Another important thing is refraining from smoking ,chewing tobacco,taking alcohol and using drugs.These things are harmful to health.They cause several kinds of deadly diseases.These nasty things affect not only the users but also other members of the family .Considering the consequences of these bad habits ,we should avoid them.

WHAT IS THE SCOPE OF HEALTH EDUCATION

The scope of health is being broadened as the people are understanding its importance day by day.At first ,health education used to denote school,home and community,but now it is broadly taken.Scope of health education is described as follows.

I.SCOPE OF HEALTH EDUCATION ON SOCIO-CULTURAL VIEW:
on social and cultural point of view,scope of health education is taken to the place where people pass more time in group.Home,school and community come under it.

HOME:Home is considered as first school of a child.A child shares more and more experiences of health from here.He can learn many things about health from the behaviours of parents,brothers and sisters.A child learns many experiences from home like personal hygiene ,sanitation of room,timely eating,timely sleeping,responsibility towards family and other experiences.As the children learn many things from home,head of the household should bring the programmes which develops positive concepts of the family members towards health.We should also transfer the learning in order to improve the health of family and neighbour.

SCHOOL: School is an institution which provides the health experiences formally or informally.Clean school environment influences guardians or any other visitors of society .There are various examples of improvement of school environment due to the teacher's visit to any other school with better and healthy environment.We learn many health experiences from school like keeping the environment clean,playing in particular time,participation in sanitation campaign,utilizing the health services in schools,taking tiff in without making the surrounding dirty,keeping the classroom clean,etc.The students staying in healthy environment into school can also maintain the same healthy environment into school can also maintain the same environment in their home.We should identify our civilization and culture through proper sanitation of own school and home.

COMMUNITY:Another scope of health is community.Mass meeting,ceremony, Guthi,industries,and factories,praying groups,clubs,institutions,hospitals ,office,etc .come under community.These places are also the scope of health education because we can also learn health experiences from them.We can be directly benefited from such activity,There are various examples that community people are not properly getting locally available health services due to lack of knowledge,illiteracy.Therefore,we can also run various health activities in our community.We have to identify our ability for this. We can get memorable satisfaction with the achievement of the programme run our initiation.


II.SCOPE OF HEALTH EDUCATION ON INTERDISCIPLINARY POINT OF VIEW:

Health education is not complete itself and it is influenced by other subject like the influence of health education to other subjects.The subjects which are influenced by health education,also come under the scope of health education.Divert observation in learning motivation and learning processes are related to psychology.Misconception on health, tradition, value and norms,supervision,group dynamic come under sociology.Similarly medicine, anthropology, human biology, human science, population education, environment education,physical education can in any way provide some health related knowledge.Therefore,all those subjects come under scope of the health education.

WHAT IS THE NEED AND IMPORTANCE OF HEALTH EDUCATION

People desire to be healthy but they are somehow unable to do so.Sound health is not so god gifted.We should continuously make effort to attain it because minor mistakes may lead to death.We are familiar with the condition in which people are living poorly due to morbidity.Therefore,we should be conscious and alert to our health.Some of the people are unknown to basic knowledge or unknowingly adopt unhygienic behaviour.Such behaviour cannot be improved without changing their view with adequate proper guidance.In this way,we cannot be healthy without improving our unhealthy behaviour.With the health education,we can maintain healthy life changing such unhealthy behaviour.

Large number of people die to communicable diseases like cholera,diarrhoea,typhoid,tuberculosis,pneumonia,etc.in developing countries like Nepal.Majority of the death is under 5 children.The diseases cannot suffer us,if we are conscious.But we are calling on various such diseases because of our ignorance,superstitious tradition and culture.It is scientifically proved that the diseases are not caused by the curse of god and goddess and they are curable with timely treatment.Health education teaches us safety as well as preventive measures.In this way,the importance of health education is increasing day by day as it teaches us to live happily by increasing knowledge,attitude and skills regarding to health.

NEED AND IMPORTANCE OF HEALTH EDUCATION(EXAMPLE)

• It teaches us to be healthy
• It develops the positive attitude and views regarding health
• It motivates towards adopting healthy behaviour
• It helps to adopt preventive,curative and pro motive health measures,etc

WHAT IS THE CONDITION OF HEALTH IN NEPAL

Public health condition in our country is not satisfactory.Health facilities are not available to all.There are not sufficient hospitals,health centers and health posts.The number of doctors,nurses and health workers is too small.There is lack of medical apparatus in hospitals.Most medicine have to be imported.If a man is seriously ill,he has to go to other countries for treatment.Diseases which have disappeared from European countries still occur in Nepal

Due to lack of education,people in villages are ignorant.So when they are ill, they,instead of going to hospital or a private,go to a witch-doctor for the recovery from illness.He gives them some ashes or flower or a talisman.In many cases,patients lose their lives.

According to 2056/57 data, there are 83 hospitals,health centers ,711 health posts,3179 sub health posts ,160 primary health centers and 1259 doctors in Nepal.(International forum,Annual Issue 2051 )

Other organization and institutions are involved in healthy services.Important among them are Nepal Paropakar Sanstha ,Nepal Red cross society ,Family planning association of Nepal ,National Tuberculosis centers,etc.World health organization ,United mission to Nepal,International Nepal Fellowship have been making valuable contributions to health services.

HOW IS HEALTH IMPORTANT TO EDUCATION

Health education is an educational process which is related to the positive change of knowledge,attitude and behaviour related to health.Without changing the unhealthy behaviour,we can't attain good health.

Alma-Alta deceleration(1978) of WHO has defined health education as "a process aimed at encouraging people to want to be healthy, to know how to stay healthy, to do what they can individually and collectively to maintain health and to seek health when needed." (WHO,1978)

The national conference on preventive medicine in USA has defined as "Health education is a process that informs,motivates and helps people to adopt and maintain healthy practises and life style,advocates environmental changes as needed facilitate this goal and conducts professional training and research to the same end. "

WHO export committee on health education define:"Health education is a process which enables the individuals and group of individuals to realize their health needs and match them to necessary health behaviours with change in knowledge,attitude and behaviour of people.In this most useful form, it is concentrated on the development of such practices as believe to attain the best possible state of well-being. "(WHO,Technical Report,1954)

In conclusion, health education is the translation of what is known about health into desirable individuals and community behaviour pattern by means of an educational process.In other words, it is concerned with the change in knowledge,attitude and behaviour of people in order to attain good health.

DEFINITION OF HEALTH

World health organization (WHO) has defined as "a state of complete physical, mental and social well being not merely an absence of disease or infirmity."

The above definition emphasizes on three aspects-physical health, mental health and social health.
Physical health refers physical development and fitness.It is also necessary to maintain the balance between appropriate development of various physiological organs and efficiency in the various system of body .

Healthy thinking and proper mental development is related to mental health. Only mentally healthy individuals can take accurate decision with healthy thing in various situation .Behaviour of individual and society is closely related to social health . The ability of person towards intimacy,co-operation ,behaviour,leadership and friendship infers the social health.

Definition of WHO has mentioned about optimum health status .It is usual to fluctuate our health. Sometimes we become quite healthy and sometimes not.Our effort always should be towards achieving optimum health .In short,ability to achieve Soc-economically prosperous life is in fact to be healthy.

Health means physical and mental fitness. It is the most valuable wealth.There is good saying "when wealth is lost, nothing is lost;when education is lost,something is lost ;but when health is lost,everything is lost."Health is a fundamental need of human beings.Health facility has been accepted as a human right.Healthy man power is a great blessing.Healthy people can efficiently work in office,factories,schools and other fields.On the contrary,unhealthy people can not do either physical or mental work

Good health is the integration of multi-dimensional qualities.Self developing qualities which enhance the social health are the qualities of healthy people :

• Feeling pleasant
• Vigour
• anxiety less
• social well
• feeling of hunger and sound sleep
• cheerfulness
• self confidence and control
• healthy thinking
• mutual co-operation

WHAT ARE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF PATRIOTISM

Patriotism. A well-meaning word that has become much more controversial and dirty than ever intended. "Patriotism" is something that, in its most common form, I have a real problem with. I hate to see people waving national flags about, or soldiers marching off to war under the pretence that they're protecting their country. Or arguments over which country grows the best oranges, or has the biggest GDP. I almost feel that patriotism is no longer a respect and love for your country, but a disrespect and hatred towards other countries. It's edging closer and closer to nationalism.

Patriotism is a very powerful political tool, and there are plenty of examples of how nations have become great and powerful because of it. Looking at recent history, the most clear example in my mind is Nazi Germany. Well constructed propaganda created raging patriots out of the members of a ruined nation. Germans were told to love their country, and long for it to be returned to its former glory. What they needed was some solid leadership, inspiring speeches, flattering compliments, and plenty of fluff on the top such as impressive marches, military maneuvres and national anthems. They were given all this, and Germany was turned into a land of patriots. Their leaders then had a great tool with which to fulfill their own dreams. But that is patriotism in its most unpleasant form. Not only a love of one's country, but a hatred towards others and a lust for an increase to their country's power at the expense of others. Thankfully, we don't see that kind of patriotism today, at least not on a large and threatening scale.

On 11th of September the world stopped spinning for a few hours, and vast numbers of people united in shock and grief. There were a few exceptions, but on the whole a world full of hatred looked for one moment at a single point, with a single thought. And patriotism was nowhere to be seen. It didn't matt
er if you wern't American, everyone was shocked and saddened by the loss of human life. Now, over a month later, American patriotism is more inflated and sickening than ever before, and that's certainly saying something. The USA was born out of rebellion, and the early Americans held a love for their country, that was, at last, truly theirs -- and, I might add, not at all wrongly. Unfortunately, this idea has continued through the generations, and many (but certainly not all) Americans have become victims of what is, for want of a better word, propaganda. The US is full of patriots, and this can be used as a great tool. Thankfully I very much doubt President Bush could possibly compare with the likes of Hitler, but the power is used in different ways -- the American public are, on the whole, happy to watch their warplanes and their troops go to a far-away country that they probably knew very little about, to wage war against a country they don't really hate. The sense of revenge amongst some (I stress the "some") Americans is sickening, and it all comes from the patriotism and love towards their country that they have grown up with. It's not their fault that they believe America to be the greatest country on the planet, with a righteous role to use war to combat terrorism -- it's become part of the American psyche to believe "America is best" and "God loves America", an inescapable form of propaganda almost. While this can be a good thing, I find it unhelpful.

WHY PATRIOTISM IS IMPORTANT TO CHILD

Patriotism is a growing concern in our nation today. One of the ways to teach children patriotism is to have them be in an informative play or program. Many schools and teachers are looking for programs to fit this description that are easy to put on and take very little practice time to present. With all the teaching and testing that teachers are required to do for the “No Child Left Behind” idea. It has left them with little time to do the creative programs for their students. Even though these are the activities that children will remember they are the ones that are being eliminated from schools.
Patriotic programs also need to teach and educate students in a creative way about their country. The programs or plays show them just what a priceless gift freedom is for them to celebrate and embrace. Teaching them about respect for their flag, country and other patriotic symbols such as the Statue of Liberty, The Liberty Bell, The Washington Monument, and the Lincoln Memorial is important for patriotism to take root in young children.
There are many holidays that students could participate in patriotic programs. Just a few are Constitution Day in September, Veterans Day in November, Election Day, in November, Pearl Harbor Day in December, Columbus Day in October, Martin Luther King Jr. Day in January, Presidents Day in February, Memorial Day in May, and of course July 4th in July. All of these times are special events that call for some patriotic program and it helps us appreciate our freedom more. Another more recent day is 9/11 in September to remember those people who serve our country
Nothing instills patriotism more than a good patriotic song. There are so many on the market today that it is not hard to find something to fit any patriotic program. Another must for a patriotic program is a good power point presentation showing our flag, or maybe even all the flags that have flown over the United States. A good power point can make students feel how important that flag really is to them. One of the things that I like in programs to teach patriotism is to always start the program with the scouts posting the Colors of the United States of America. One years we had taps played and the students really enjoyed that, also.

PATRIOTISM AND RELIGION

Throughout history, patriotic feeling has often been linked to religion. At various points in history, particularly in time of war, various relations of religion and patriotism have prevailed.

In one variant, patriotic participants in a war acknowledge that the enemy worships the same god, but judge that this god is on their own side, thus providing the external justification for patriotism noted just above. This is perhaps a fair characterization of the attitude of many of the participants in the American civil war or most of the fronts of the first world war. Another variant is for each side to worship different gods, acknowledge that the other side’s god exists, and believe that their own god is superior. This may have characterized the conflicts between the ancient Israelites and their Canaanite opponents, as narrated in the Old testament. Yet another version of religious patriotism is the belief that a god or set of gods is on one’s side, and that the god or gods of the other side simply do not exist. This view often characterized the beliefs of the European powers during the colonialist period, when their armies often fought against pagan opponents.

Under any of these circumstances, religion can provide a satisfactory account to its believers for what otherwise would be a paradox, namely, that both sides in a conflict can feel patriotic at the same time. The idea would be that the other side is in fact fighting against God’s will, and thus can be considered to be engaged in a false kind of patriotism.

Different people in this world have different opinions towards whether patriotism is morally good or not.Often,these opinions vary according to what sort of patriotism is involved.

Some instance of patriotism induce almost universal admiration.The possible examples of patriotism,in 1940,a number of Dutch soldiers gave their lives in a hopeless cause attempting to defend the Netherlands from invading Nazi armies.This act would be considered by almost everyone to be clear case of selfless,admirable patriotism.

DEFINITION OF PATRIOTISM

Love of country; devotion to the welfare of one's country; the virtues and actions of a patriot; the passion which inspires one to serve one's country.

Related Definitions:
Patriotism Quotations
Heroism on command, senseless violence, and all the loathsome nonsense that goes by the name of patriotism - how passionately I hate them!
Albert Einstein
Guard against the impostures of pretended patriotism.
George Washington
Patriotism is supporting your country all the time, and your government when it deserves it. Mark Tawin

You're not supposed to be so blind with patriotism that you can't face reality. Wrong is wrong, no matter who says it.
Malcolm X

Patriotism is the virtue of the vicious.
Oscar Wilde

Each nation feels superior to other nations. That breeds patriotism - and wars.
Dale Carnagie

PATRIOTISM

Patriotism means love for one's country and is devoted to defined it.Persons having the feeling of Patriotism is a Patriot. Selfish people cannot be patriots because a patriot always stands for nation's willing rather than his personal desire and interest.

Patriotism is a great virtue.The land where a man is born and brought up,whose tradition and culture build his personality ,is dearer than his life to him . It is said that the mother and mother land are superior even to heaven . Most of the people respect and love their country from the core of their heart . Patriots are ready to bear hardships and sacrifice their lives for the betterment of country . They fight for liberty of the nation .Their names are recorded in the golden words in the history of the country . They are also liked and respected by all.

A true Patriot has sincere desire to save his nation . He can never tolerate the interference of the other countries into the national affairs .He is ready to raise voice against the foreign interference.In contrast to his ,a selfish person may be rich but not happy. Nobody respects him. Selfish person is unsung,unwelcome,and not honoured . After his death ,he is forgotten.Selfish person is a man of no principle and character . He always tries to take personal benefits against the welfare of nation.